The Rhode Island 11th United States Colored Heavy Artillery had originally been raised and organized as the Fourteenth Regiment Rhode Island Heavy Artillery. On 28 August 1863 the first company was mustered into Federal Service.
As customary for all black units raised during the Civil War, the officers of this regiment were white, all of whom had seen previous service. They were commissioned by the President of the United States, after having passed a rigid examination before a military board convened at Washington of which Major General Silas Casey of the U.S.Army, presided over.
On 19 December 1863 the first battalion left Providence and sailed from Newport for New Orleans, Louisiana, to join General Banks, commanding the Department of the Gulf. On 8 January 1864 the second battalion left Providence to join the first battalion in New Orleans.
In March 1864, while units of the 14th Rhode Island United States Colored Heavy Artillery were stationed at Fort Esperanza, Matagorda Island Texas, Companies A, C, and D were placed under arrest for refusing to accept their pay, which was 3 dollars a month less than what regular white troops were receiving. The ringleaders of the protest were tried by general court-martial, and sent to Fort Jefferson, Florida.
On 15 April the third battalion joined the Regiment at New Orleans. The whole Regiment was subsequently transferred to the Department of the Gulf, and its designation was changed by general order, first on 4 April to the 8th United States Heavy Artillery (Colored), and then in May, to the Eleventh United States Heavy Artillery (Colored). On 5 July Colonel Jacob Hale Sypher of the United States Army was appointed by the President to command the Regiment. The bulk of the service of this Regiment consisted of garrison and picket duty in several posts in the Department of the Gulf.
At the close of the War, a reduction of the military force of the Union was taking place almost daily and with the further services of the Regiment being unnecessary, it was mustered out at Camp Parapet, Louisiana, 2 October 1865.
The Regiment returned to Rhode Island and on 21 October attended a ceremony and parade in Providence where the people of Rhode Island paid tribute to the members of this command.
On landing, a salute was fired by the Marine Artillery and the column was formed on South Main Street where they marched to City Hall. There under the direction of Acting Adjutant-General Crandall, L. H. Humphreys prepared and offered to the returning troops a generous collation. As the men filed into City Hall and took their stand at the tables, the band of Morris Brothers, Pell & Trowbridge's minstrels played "Tramp, Tramp, Tramp", which added to the excitiment of the day. After the meal, the column was reformed and marched to Exchange Place, where a dress parade took place in the presence of Governor Smith, his staff, and an large number of spectators.
Afterwards, the Regiment broke into column of companies, and marched up Westminster Street in review before embarking for their encampment at Portsmouth Grove. A few days later, the Regiment was disbanded and the men finally returned to their homes after serving the Union cause for over two years.
Sources:
The records of the Rhode Island 11th United States Heavy Artillery (Colored) document the regiment's activites that Lt. Allen F. Cameron was personally involved in and consists of his personal correspondence and official materials of the regiment such as reports, orders, rosters, and court martial records.
The collection is arranged in nine series.
Researchers wishing to find materials related to this collection should search the HELIN catalog with these index terms --
Open for research.
In July of 1973 Bernard Geary of Scituate, Rhode Island, donated the papers of his grandfather, Allen F. Cameron, to the Providence College Archives.
Prior to donation to the Providence College Archives, the collection resided with the descendants of Allen F. Cameron.
Rhode Island 11th United States Heavy Artillery (Colored). Providence College, Phillips Memorial Library, Special and Archival Collections.
The collection was originally processed in 1976.
Some materials may be restricted. For further information contact Special and Archival Collections, Phillips Memorial Library, Providence College.
Terms governing use and reproduction: Photocopying and scanning of materials is a fee based service available in the repository and is allowed at the discretion of the Librarian of Special and Archival Collections when in compliance to the College's policy on copyright and publication.
Researchers are advised that express written permission to reproduce, quote, or otherwise publish any portion or extract from this collection must be obtained from the Providence College Phillips Memorial Library. Although Providence College has physical ownership of the collection and the materials contained therein, it does not claim literary rights. It is the responsibility of the researcher to determine the owners of the literary rights and to obtain any necessary permissions from them.
Certain restrictions may be imposed to protect the confidentiality of living individuals.
For histories of Rhode Island Artillery Regiments who served during the Civil War see the list of sources in the Historical Note.
Digitized portions of the
There are no known separated materials.
Generally produced by the Adjutant General's Office, circulars were used to distribute official correspondence (except combat orders) relating to personnel and other administrative matters.
The series is arranged alphabetically.
Allen F. Cameron, born in 1836, in Quebec, Canada, was one of four brothers who served in the Union Army. He enrolled as a sergeant in the Rhode Island Colored Artillery (Heavy) Fifth Regiment in October of 1861. Among the campaigns he participated in was the Burnside Expedition. By the time of his mustering out in October, 1865, Cameron had attained the rank of first lieutenant of the Rhode Island United States Colored Artillery (Heavy) Eleventh Regiment (originally, the Fourteenth Regiment). Other duties Cameron performed as a Lieutentant included serving on a general court-martial and acting as aide-de-camp at post headquarters.
Upon retiring from the army, Lt. Cameron returned to his previous employment as a weave room overseer in Rockland (Scituate), Rhode Island for approximately one year. He then went to work in the United States Armory at Springfield, Mass. At the time Henry-Martini rifles were being manufactured by the Providence Tool Company and Cameron was appointed a sub-United States inspector assisted to the inspection of seven hundred thousand rifles. He then went to Springfield, Mass., and took in five thousand navy revolvers for the Turkish government. He later was employed by the Winchester Revolver Arms Company of New Haven, Conn.
Source:
The series is comprised mostly of Cameron family correspondence. It is of particular historical value for the War period from the "off-the-record," human interest viewpoint.
This series is arranged chronologically.
This series contains a broad grouping of equipment lists, muster and descriptive rolls, invoices, and other documents relating to rations, ordnance returns and miscellaneous supplies.
This series is arranged alphabetically.
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The series consists of the charges, specifications and verdicts of several trials of military personnel.
This series is arranged alphabetically.
"General Orders" were permanent directives issued by General Headquarters to all members of a command, concerning policy as well as administrative matters.
The series is arranged alphabetically.
This series is comprised of lists and forms regarding deceased, deserted, discharged and volunteer soldiers. Included in this series are files relating to individual soldiers' target practice scores.
This series is arranged alphabetically.
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Special Orders, as compared to "General Orders," primarily affected individual soldiers or smaller units within the regiment.
This series is arranged alphabetically.
This small series contains miscellaneous items related to Allen F. Cameron, but unrelated to the Eleventh United States Heavy Artillery (Colored).
This series is arranged alphabetically.
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